Karl Marx and Human Nature Essay Example

Karl Marx and Human Nature Essay I have taken for my review one section from the book Marx and human instinct by Norman Geras. In the second part Norman Geras exchanges with the human instinct and authentic philistinism. Albeit numerous Marxists prevented Marx’s hypothesis from claiming human instinct that there was a human instinct to be found in Marx’s words. there is in actuality a Marxist develop of human instinct which remains. to some review. constant from the beginning of time and across cultural limits. The 6th of the Theses on Feuerbach gave the rudimentss to this perusing of Marx blending to which there was not a single ever-enduring human instinct in sight in his plants. Feuerbach settle the piece of confidence into the part of grown-up male human instinct. In any case, the bit of grown-up male is no deliberation natural in every distinctive individual. In world. it is the outfit of the cultural dealingss. Feuerbach. who does non come in upon an ominous judgment of this existent portion. is consequently obliged: Human nature Thus. Marx seems to express that human instinct is close to what is made by the cultural dealingss. Norman Geras’ Marx’s Theory of Human Nature. by the by. offers a profoundly intricate explanation against this spot. In lineation. Geras shows that. while the cultural dealingss are held to discover the idea of individuals. they are non the solitary such determiner. Indeed. Marx offers expressions where he explicitly alludes to a human instinct which is more than what is adapted by the fortunes of one’s life. In Capital. in a footer inspecting utilitarianism. he says that utilitarian’s must think with human instinct all in all. thus with human instinct as altered in each authentic period. Marx is thinking against a theoretical develop of human instinct. offering on the other hand a history established in sexy life. We will compose a custom article test on Karl Marx and Human Nature explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Karl Marx and Human Nature explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Karl Marx and Human Nature explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer While he is fairly communicated that people express their life. so they are. Consequently what people are relies upon the material states of their creation. he other than accepts that human instinct will condition ( against the foundation of the profitable powers and dealingss of creation ) the way wherein people express their life. History includes a continuous transmutation of human instinct. in spite of the fact that this does non expect that each feature of human instinct is altogether factor ; what is changed need non be completely changed. Marx knocked the tendency to change into ever-enduring Torahs of nature and of ground. the cultural signifiers bouncing from your current way of creation and signifier of effects. a methodology here and there called hypostatization. For this ground. he would most likely hold needed to thump certain aspects of certain chronicles of human instinct. Human presences mutually take a shot at nature yet do non make a similar work ; there is a division of work where individuals non just do various occupations. be that as it may, blending to Marxist hypothesis. a few people live from crafted by others by having the organization of creation. How this is finished relies upon the kind of society. Creation is brought out through extremely unequivocal dealingss between individuals. Furthermore, in twist. these creation dealingss are dictated by the degree and character of the gainful powers that are available at some random clasp ever. For Marx. beneficial powers allude to the offices of creation, for example, the apparatuses. instruments. building. land. common stuffs. furthermore, human discernment and capacities in footings of using these organizations of creation. Human instinct. Marx’s moral thought and alienation Gears says of Marx’s work that: Whatever else it is. hypothesis and socio-authentic record. what's more, logical as it might be. that work is an ethical prosecution laying on the develop of fundamental human requests. a moral perspective. as it were. in which a place of human instinct is included. Distance. for Marx. is the distance of universes from aspects of their human instinct. Since †as we have seen †human instinct comprises in a curious arrangement of basic pushes and tendencies. whose practicing establishes blasting ; offense is a status wherein these pushes and tendencies are hindered. For basic forces. irritation substitutes debilitation for doing one’s ain life one’s article. one’s life going an object of capital. Marx accepts that antagonism will be an attribute of all general public before socialism. The antonym of. alienation is realization or self-action the movement of the inner self. constrained by and for the sense of self. Human instinct and the extension of the beneficial powers It has been held by a few creators that it is Marx’s develop of human instinct which clarifies the supremacy thesis’ refering the growth of the gainful powers. which fitting to Marx. is itself the cardinal drive power of history. Assuming valid. this would do his history of human instinct potentially the most cardinal aspect of his work. Geras composes. recorded philistinism itself. this entire run of the mill assault to society that starts with Marx. rests frankly upon the idea of a human instinct. It features that particular connection of cosmopolitan requests and limits which clarifies the human gainful system and man’s sorted out transmutation of the stuff condition ; which technique and transmutation it treats in twist as the balance both of the cultural request and of recorded adjustment. The tendency’s freedom is just its independency of cultural development. its rootedness in cardinal stuff realities of human instinct and the human situation. Authentic headway comprises fundamentally in the developing of people’s capacities to decide and order the universe about them. This is the most essential way where they create and express their human portion. Authentic philistinism Historical philistinism began from a cardinal verifiable in universe of person: that all together for human presences to keep going and continue being from coevals to coevals. it is vital for them to deliver and duplicate the stuff requests of life. Marx so expanded this premiss by asseverating the significance of the way that. so as to move out creation and trade. individuals need to come in into extremely unmistakable cultural dealingss. most fundamentally creation dealingss. Norman Geras broke down recorded philistinism and hypothesized that society has traveled through a figure of types or habits of creation. That is. the character of the creation dealingss is controlled by the character of the beneficial powers ; these could be the basic devices and instruments of early person. or on the other hand the more evolved hardware and building of present age. The central habits of creation Marx recognized all around incorporate unrefined socialism or inborn society ( an ancient stage ) . antiquated society. medieval framework. what's more, entrepreneur economy. In every one of these cultural stages. individuals communicate with nature and deliver their life in various manners. Any abundance from that creation is distributed in various manners. Old society depended on an administering class of slave owners and a classification of slaves ; medieval framework depended on landholders and helot ; and industrialist economy dependent on the entrepreneur classification and the hands on classification. The industrialist class in private possesses the organization of creation. dispersion and trade ( e. g. . factories. mines. stores and Bankss ) while the hands on classification unrecorded by trading their mingled work with the apitalist class for remunerations. Marx distinguished the creation dealingss of society ( beginning on the balance of given beneficial powers ) as the financial base of society. He other than clarified that on the establishment of the monetary base their emerge certain political foundations. Torahs. imposts. human progress. and so forth . also, musings. methods of thought. profound quality. and so forth. These established the political/ideological superstructure of society. This superstructure non only has its start in the monetary base. be that as it may, its qualities other than at long last relate to the character and improvement of that financial base. I. . the way individuals compose society is dictated by the financial base and the dealingss that emerge from its way of creation. Authentic philistinism can be believed to lay on the undermentioned standards: 1. The balance of human culture is the means by which people chip away at nature to deliver the offices of resource. 2. There is a division of work into cultural classifications ( dealingss of creation ) dependent on effects possession where a few people live from the work of others. 3. The arrangement of classification division is reliant on the way of creation. 4. The way of creation depends on the level of the profitable powers. 5. Society moves from stage to introduce when the prevailing classification is supplanted by another rising classification. by sabotaging the political shell that upholds the old dealingss of creation done coordinating to the new gainful powers. This takes topographic point in the superstructure of society. the political circle in the signifier of unrest. whereby the lower class frees the beneficial powers with new dealingss of creation. what's more, cultural dealingss. coordinating to it. Human instinct and authentic philistinism Marx’s hypothesis of history endeavors to portray the way in which universes change their surroundings and ( in rationalistic connection ) their surroundings adjust them each piece great. That isn't simply do the equitable conditions change in the demonstration of proliferation. e. g. the humble community bec

Can You Retake AP Exams Expert Guide

Would you be able to Retake AP Exams Expert Guide SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Most AP tests are exceptionally testing, and scores don't generally turn out the manner in which you envisioned they would. In case you're worried that you've relinquished any opportunity of getting school credit, would you be able to retake an AP exam?In this article, I'll give you how you can bob once again from a low AP score to wind up with school credits and AP Scholar Awards. Would you be able to Retake AP Exams If You Do Poorly? For one thing, would you be able to retake an AP test? The appropriate response is yes! On the off chance that you don’t excel on an AP test, you can retake it whenever it’s offered the next May. Be that as it may, you ought to consider this choice cautiously before committing.If you score a 3 or above on an AP test, I wouldn’t suggest going for a retake except if you’re completely set on winning school credit for your work. Eventually, your AP score will have insignificant effect on your confirmation chances except if you’re applying to the most specific universities with 1s and 2s. As indicated by theCollege Board FAQ, When we overviewed affirmation officials, in excess of 75 percent showed that a low score on an AP Exam would NOT hurt an applicant’s confirmation prospects(emphasis mine).In different words, the evaluation you gain in the year-long AP class is a higher priority than areyour AP score for confirmations purposes. Retaking AP tests is costly; it will cost you an extra $94!It's likewise an entirely big time duty to take on extra concentrating on a full course load. Truly consider whether it's justified, despite all the trouble before you choose your choice. On the off chance that you despite everything feel sure that you need to retake the test, address your school’s AP Coordinator about registering.You cansign up through your school, much the same as you did the first occasion when you stepped through the examination, aside from now your instructor won't help you through the procedure. It’s totally dependent upon you to find the facilitator and make plans to step through the examination. On the off chance that you need to retake an AP test, you gotta shed the preparation haggles your young lady bicycle over to the direction office. On the off chance that you truly need to intrigue them, ride a unicycle. Do Both AP Scores Show Up? Which One Counts for AP Scholar Awards? Your score report will incorporate all your AP scores (counting rehashes of a similar test) except if you decide to retain or drop scores.The contrast among retaining and dropping scores is that when you drop your score, it is for all time erased, as though you never at any point took the test.There is no charge for dropping a score. Here's theScore Cancellation Formyou would need to send to the College Board. Then again, on the off chance that you decide to retain your AP score, it won’t be seen by schools, however it will remain on record in the event that you need to send it later.It costs $10 per score to retain scores from universities that you initially demonstrated on your answer sheet.Here’s theScore Withholding Formyou’d need to send to the College Board. The cutoff time for both retention and dropping AP scores for tests you took is June 15.If you miss the cutoff time, every one of your scores will be sent to the schools you showed on your answer sheet. On the off chance that you decide to retake an AP test, just your most noteworthy score will check toward AP Scholar Awards, regardless of whether you don’t drop or retain your lower score.That implies you don’t need to stress over your underlying score demolishing your odds at turning into an AP researcher in the event that you show enhancement for your subsequent attempt. Never dread, you can in any case become a researcher with a sweet facial hair regardless of whether you get a low AP score the first run through around. Study Tips for Retaking AP Exams Here are a couple of significant hints to remember as you get ready to retake an AP test. To be fruitful in improving your score, you'll have to survey your shortcomings basically and concentrate deliberately. #1: Understand Where You Went Wrong Last Time Your essential objective is to abstain from rehashing the missteps you made on your first AP test.Think concerning why you did ineffectively and what you can do to forestall those traps this time.Did you stand by too long to even think about starting examining? Did you take informal practice tests that gave you an unreasonable thought of the test’s substance or trouble level? Did you depend totally on your group to help you through the test and discover your insight lacking?Whatever the case might be, do some reflection to make sense of how you can fix these issues and recover your score a second time around. You should think about coaching on the off chance that you figure you did ineffectively on the grounds that the subject in general was not your solid point or your instructor didn't work superbly of clarifying the material.You could even solicit one from your companions who excelled on the test to offer you some considering guidance or mentor you on ideas you’re experiencing difficulty acing all alone. #2: Get a High-Quality Review Book On the off chance that you’re going to retake an AP test, you won’t be simply wrapping up a time of considering the subject in class. Therefore, notes and study materials probably won't be as promptly accessible to you, and it will be more diligently to structure your time without an educator and class timetable to manage you. You ought to get an audit book that covers all the ideas in the course completely with the goal that you have a simple method to examine content, plan out your time, and do rehearse questions.Think of it as a lighter form of self-studying.Usually, Barron’s books are a decent choice for additional top to bottom overviews of AP courses. #3: Start Studying Early One of your issues the first run through around might have been that you wound up holding up until the last moment to study.Cramming is a poorly conceived notion for AP testssince they spread so much data and anticipate that you should respond to questions that require elevated level basic reasoning. You won't help yourself by skimming the surface. Begin learning at any rate a few months before you take the test.Ideally, you should survey ideas consistently so your memory remains new and you have the opportunity to address whatever issues you had with the material initially. You ought to likewise step through a lot of training examinations so you can monitor your exhibition and ensure you're improving. Be the brisk riser. Get out there and catch your AP worm. Rundown: Can You Retake AP Exams? You can decide to retake an AP test when it’s offered again the accompanying year.If you truly need school credit or are worried about how a low score will look on your application, you should think about this choice. Accepting you retake an AP test and improve score, that score will be the one that tallies toward AP Scholar awards.You can even decide to retain or drop your lower score in the event that you don’t need it to appear on your record. Taking an AP test a subsequent time is a costly duty, so you should put forth sure you put some genuine attempt into reading for it.Try to gain from whatever issues you had the first run through around, and abstain from packing or overlooking substance territories you don’t very comprehend. What's Next? In a perfect world, you'll get a high score on your test the first run through around. To ensure that occurs, read our five-advance arrangement enumerating the most ideal approach to read for AP tests. Practice tests are very significant while getting ready for AP tests. Get familiar with where to locate the best AP practice tests to use in your considering. It may be hard to take new AP classes on getting ready for a retake. Discover what number of AP classes you should take in secondary school and whether it's justified, despite all the trouble to stack up your timetable. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4 points?We've composed a guide for each test about the main 5 methodologies you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

How to Improve Your Professional Writing Skills

How to Improve Your Professional Writing Skills Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Professional writing is quite different from your typical college essay. It’s a skill you don’t necessarily get to practice until you enter the working world, but it’s something you’re going to use quite often. From sending client emails to speaking with management and reporting on tasks and projects, you’re going to be doing a lot of professional communication. That’s why it’s important to take the time to hone in on your skills nowâ€" so you can only get better from here. Try some of these tips and tricks to help you develop your skills and ace your new job, wherever it takes you. Make Emails Personal When writing emails, whether you’re speaking to a client or the CEO of the company, don’t be stiff and robotic. Use their name, address their specific situation, and don’t sound like a walking marketing slogan. Ask the recipient how their weekend was, or if they are going on vacation wish them a great trip. This shows you care and want to form a professional relationship with them. Avoid Slang You aren’t talking to your best friend after class. You are speaking to your employer, your clients, and the other people who are running the business that pay your bills. Don’t use emoticons, happy faces, “lol,” or any other informal, unprofessional methods of speaking that will potentially turn off all of your audience members and possibly flag you as unfit for the job. Read Your Document Out Loud Don’t just rely on Grammarly or your word processor’s built-in spell check. Read your document out loud and hear how it really sounds. If it sounds funny, revise it. Computer technologies don’t always catch those awkward sentences that your brain can, so make use of every tool available to youâ€" even your own mouth. Give Examples and Specific Details The more specific you are, the more you can show that you know what you’re talking about and that you have done your research. Give examples wherever you can. Point out something specific that people may have not realized, indicating how much thought you put into your job. Get Professional Writing Help For The Push You Need At Homework Help Global, we provide a variety of services that can help you through every stage of your life, from your first assignment in college to your first big professional document in your very first career job. From presentations to seminars, charts, and technical reports, we’ve got you covered so you can focus on being the best you can be. Order your professional documents now to get ahead of the game. References: American Management Association. (n.d.) Business writing tips for professionals. American Management Association. Retrieved from business-writing-tips-for-professionals.aspx. Quick Base. (2013). 10 ways to improve your professional writing. Quick Base. Retrieved from 10-ways-to-improve-your-professional-writing. How to Improve Your Professional Writing Skills Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Professional writing is quite different from your typical college essay. It’s a skill you don’t necessarily get to practice until you enter the working world, but it’s something you’re going to use quite often. From sending client emails to speaking with management and reporting on tasks and projects, you’re going to be doing a lot of professional communication. That’s why it’s important to take the time to hone in on your skills nowâ€" so you can only get better from here. Try some of these tips and tricks to help you develop your skills and ace your new job, wherever it takes you. Make Emails Personal When writing emails, whether you’re speaking to a client or the CEO of the company, don’t be stiff and robotic. Use their name, address their specific situation, and don’t sound like a walking marketing slogan. Ask the recipient how their weekend was, or if they are going on vacation wish them a great trip. This shows you care and want to form a professional relationship with them. Avoid Slang You aren’t talking to your best friend after class. You are speaking to your employer, your clients, and the other people who are running the business that pay your bills. Don’t use emoticons, happy faces, “lol,” or any other informal, unprofessional methods of speaking that will potentially turn off all of your audience members and possibly flag you as unfit for the job. Read Your Document Out Loud Don’t just rely on Grammarly or your word processor’s built-in spell check. Read your document out loud and hear how it really sounds. If it sounds funny, revise it. Computer technologies don’t always catch those awkward sentences that your brain can, so make use of every tool available to youâ€" even your own mouth. Give Examples and Specific Details The more specific you are, the more you can show that you know what you’re talking about and that you have done your research. Give examples wherever you can. Point out something specific that people may have not realized, indicating how much thought you put into your job. Get Professional Writing Help For The Push You Need At Homework Help Global, we provide a variety of services that can help you through every stage of your life, from your first assignment in college to your first big professional document in your very first career job. From presentations to seminars, charts, and technical reports, we’ve got you covered so you can focus on being the best you can be. Order your professional documents now to get ahead of the game! References: American Management Association. (n.d.) Business writing tips for professionals. American Management Association. Retrieved from business-writing-tips-for-professionals.aspx. Quick Base. (2013). 10 ways to improve your professional writing. Quick Base. Retrieved from 10-ways-to-improve-your-professional-writing.

Zero Population Growth Saving our population one less...

The earth has been around for billions of years and it everyone’s hope that it will continue to be here for billions more; The world of the future is often very exciting to think about. All the new inventions and advances that humans have yet to achieve are endless. Although there is hope and excitement for the coming future there is also a danger that is looming over the earth. Currently, the earth’s population is estimated at around 7.2 billion and is growing exponentially at an alarming rate. Resources on our earth are limited and it is unknown how many more people that the earth can handle. With these growing numbers, action needs to be taken to protect to the earth and to protectant the continuation of the human species. As the earth’s population grows, it is crucial to think of ways to deal with the increasing numbers to come, through urban planning, birth control and alternative food sources can plan for the future of the earth. As the population is grows, more and more people are looking to cities for jobs and better lives for their families. Currently half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. By 2050 it is estimated that two thirds of the population will be living in urban areas (Leen). With people flooding into cities at such a fast rate there are many threats to be dealt with. The two most pressing ones are, poverty and environmental decay. The increased demands of urban life can lead to air and water pollution, high-energy consumption and garbageShow MoreRelatedThe Government And Reserve Bank Of India1431 Words   |  6 PagesFinancial inclusion Even after 68 years of independence, still large section of population remains unbanked which mainly include poor people who don’t have regular income or people who are laborers and also large number of farmers are excluded from financial services. 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However, we also know that it is a trip full of risks and challenges, and a trip that might result in the loss of numerous lives. Some scientists argue that the Earth will soon be unsuitable to inhabit because the Earth is being heavily polluted and

Observational Methods - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 304 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Prostitution has become a menace in our society. This is attributed to the level of moral decay in that we can observe in our society. Basically there are a number of ways we can adopt in terms of identifying the extent to which this problem has developed root in our area. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Observational Methods" essay for you Create order First we are going to look at a number of previous studies that have been conducted in the past on the same. In addition to that, we will move into the jails and identify the women who have been arrested on accounts of prostitution. Apart from that we will also try and inquire from the police department on the previous records of such instances where women have been charged for prostitution. With all this data in place, it is possible for us to develop and clear image of the extent of this problem in our area and come up with relevant means of handling the same. To find the current rate of prostitution in our area, we will conduct interviews on the women found on the streets in late hours. We will also conduct night patrols around areas prone to prostitution in order to get the rough estimate of women present. In our interview we will sample women aged from 20 – 40 years (Main 331). The best method of observation we are going to adopt in this case is disguised observation due to the fact that most of the women involved in prostitution would not like to be exposed.   The advantage of this method is that it allows for us to get the natural behavior of the respondents since they will not be aware of what we are doing. However, it can be quite disadvantageous as the women they will notice our present, the respondents will flee from the area leaving with nothing to work on.

Plot Summary I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Free Essays

I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings follows Marguerite’s (called â€Å"My† or â€Å"Maya† by her brother) life from the age of three to seventeen and the struggles she faces – particularly with racism – in the Southern United States. Abandoned by their parents, Maya and her older brother Bailey are sent to live with their paternal grandmother (Momma) and crippled uncle (Uncle Willie) in Stamps, Arkansas. Maya and Bailey are haunted by their parents’ abandonment throughout the book – they travel alone and are labeled like baggage. We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Summary I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings or any similar topic only for you Order Now [20] The community of Stamps, Arkansas, is the setting for most of the book. Many of the problems Maya encounters in her childhood stem from the overt racism of her white neighbors. Although Momma is relatively wealthy because she owns the general store at the heart of Stamps’ Black community, the white children of their town hassle Maya’s family relentlessly. One of these â€Å"powhitetrash† girls, for example, reveals her pubic hair to Momma in a humiliating incident. Early in the book, Momma hides Uncle Willie in a vegetable bin to protect him from Ku Klux Klan raiders. Maya has to endure the insult of her name being changed to Mary by a racist employer. A white speaker at her eighth grade graduation ceremony disparages the Black audience by suggesting that they have limited job opportunities. A white dentist refuses to treat Maya’s rotting tooth, even when Momma reminds him that she had loaned him money during the Depression. The Black community of Stamps enjoys a moment of racial victory when they listen to the radio broadcast of Joe Louis’s championship fight, but generally they feel the heavy weight of racist oppressions. A turning point in the book occurs when Maya and Bailey’s father unexpectedly appears in Stamps. He takes the two children with him when he departs, but leaves them with their mother in St. Louis, Missouri. Eight-year-old Maya is sexually abused and raped by her mother’s boyfriend, Mr. Freeman. He is found guilty during the trial, but escapes jail time and is murdered, probably by Maya’s uncles. Maya feels guilty and withdraws from everyone but her brother. Even after returning to Stamps, Maya remains reclusive and nearly mute until she meets Mrs. Bertha Flowers, â€Å"the aristocrat of Black Stamps†,[21] who supplies her with books to encourage her love of reading. This coaxes Maya out of her shell. Later, Momma decides to send her grandchildren to their mother in San Francisco, California, to protect them from the dangers of racism in Stamps. Maya attends George Washington High School and studies dance and drama on a scholarship at the California Labor School. Before graduating, she becomes the first Black female streetcar conductor in San Francisco. While still in high school, Maya visits her father in southern California one summer, and has some experiences pivotal to her development. She drives a car for the first time when she must transport her intoxicated father home from an excursion to Mexico. She experiences homelessness for a short time after a fight with her father’s girlfriend. During Maya’s final year of high school, she worries that she might be a lesbian (which she equates with being a hermaphrodite), and initiates sexual intercourse with a teenage boy. She becomes pregnant, and on the advice of her brother, she hides from her family until her eighth month of pregnancy in order to graduate from high school. Maya gives birth at the end of the book and begins her journey to adulthood by accepting her role as mother to her newborn son. ird sings How to cite Plot Summary I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Papers

Business Ethics Important Industries of Worldâ€Myassignmenhelp.Com

Question: Discuss About the Business Ethics Important Industries of World? Answer: Introducation The garment industry is one of the most important industries of the world, and it is the worlds biggest and oldest export sector. The garment industry is worth of $450 billion, with an employment of 25 million laborers in more than 100 countries. This industry faces many challenges of the working condition, such as, low wages, sweatshop conditions, flexible contracts etc., globally as well as locally (Reinhard et al. 2013). The foundation of this industry is the misery of the labor, exploitation of the child labor, lowest possible wages, leading to starvation and cramped workplaces. The informal workers face many difficulties such as isolation, lack of power Marketing, invisibility, since they work from their homes. Especially, in the developing countries, these informal workers have to work under strenuous circumstances at a wage, which is much less than the standard living wage (Wiego.org 2015). Other than the exploitation of cheap labor, there are other unethical practices, such a s illegal copy of designs, counterfeiting of labels and trademarks, and high mark-ups of prices. Globally the manufacturers hunt for cheaper labor, and locally, the sweatshops of the industry play the crucial role in unethical practices of the industry. The big fashion houses, which have their own local sweatshops, are Forever 21, The Gap and Wet Seal. Forever and Wet Seal have their sweatshops in downtown L.A. These shops violate the worker welfare regulations. The Gap has their sweatshops in developing countries like India. They hire mostly child labor to cut their costs. Despite being local or global, this industry violates the rules for employee protection (Fastfashion 2016). One of the major unethical concerns is the long operational hours and enforced overtime of the workers at the lowest wage possible. In this sector, the workers have normal working hours of 10 to 12 hours. But in case of any order deadline, the hours stretch to 16 to 18 hours, or sometimes more than that. In China, it has been found that, in peak time, the workers have to work non-stop for 13-14 hours, and until their arms hurt (Butollo 2015). The garment employees in Thailand sometimes work two shifts a day. The management put pressures on the workers to work overtime, without extra money and if they fail to work, they face various penalties, abuses and dismissals (Cox 2015). The corporate garment houses mostly are not concerned with the health and safety of the workers. Due to poor level of ergonomics, the workers suffer from exhaustion, eyestrain, and other injuries, and in most cases, the factory management do not help them to diagnose and treat the illnesses and in spite of that, pressurize them to work. The employees face wage cuts or get fired if they take time off for medical purposes. Other than work pressure, there are work environment pollution such as exposure to harmful chemicals, noise, heat, lack of clean amenities, which bring about health hazards for the workers. However, the companies tend to overlook these factors and force the workers to work overtime (Wiego.org 2015). It has been found, that in Bangladesh, almost 200 garment workers died and many were injured in fires during 2004 to 2006. Same thing happened in 2012 also when 112 workers were killed. The women employees also face discrimination in these factories from the management wh en they get married or become pregnant. All these are unethical practices by the garment producing company (Anisul Huq, Stevenson, and Zorzini 2014). These unethical practices have a bad effect on the culture and demographic condition of the country and on the image and reputation of the company. These practices have claimed lives of many people, which is absolutely undesirable. The companies do not help in improving the working and living conditions of the economy, rather they make it worse by raising the poverty level. References: Anisul Huq, F., Stevenson, M. and Zorzini, M., 2014. Social sustainability in developingMarketing country suppliers: An exploratory study in the ready made garments industry of Bangladesh.International Journal of Operations Production Management,34(5), pp.610-638. Butollo, F., 2015. Growing against the odds: government agency and strategic recoupling as sources of competitiveness in the garment industry of the Pearl River Delta.Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, p.rsv020. Cox, A., 2015. The pressure of wildcat strikes on the transformation of industrial relations in a developing country: The case of the garment and textile industry in Vietnam.Journal of Industrial Relations,57(2), pp.271-290. Fastfashion, 2016. Unethical Production. [online] Available at: https://fastfashion.weebly.com/unethical-production.html [Accessed 9 May 2017]. Reinhard, K., Schmidt, D., Rtzel, F. and Zentgraf, M., 2013. Working conditions in the global fashion industry. [online] The world of labour. Available at: https://laboureconomics.wordpress.com/2013/04/30/working-conditions-in-the-global-fashion-industry/ [Accessed 8 May 2017]. Wiego.org, 2015. Garment workers. [online] Wiego.org. Available at: https://www.wiego.org/informal-economy/occupational-groups/garment-workers [Accessed 8 May 2017].

Barclay Matt Barretts Journey

The Search for Their Promised Land Professor Ramos Blog

The Search for Their Promised Land When Frederick Douglass died in 1895, white social and political leaders saw that his death created a power vacuum for a black political leader in a particularly dangerous, unstable time. They would attempt, and succeed, to fill this vacuum with someone who they hoped would help to quell the racial tensions, someone who had risen from the lowliest of circumstances of his race to a place of high regard and clout, and someone who had already demonstrated his moderate, accommodationist philosophy in previous addresses: Booker T. Washington. As recounted in his autobiography, Up from Slavery, Washington spoke about his views at two significant events in the North and received a positive reception from both Northern and Southern whites, before he was asked to speak at the Atlanta Cotton States and International Exposition in fall of 1895. His controversial speech would come to be known as the Atlanta Compromise. Despite succeeding at bringing together both black and white interests in the South, it would also serve to ingratiate the Negro race to white America and would be partially responsible for slowing social and political progress in the era of Jim Crow. Though he originally agreed with the address, these points and further criticisms of Washington’s program are what W.E.B. Du Bois wrote about in The Souls of Black Folk; this publication would forever put him in intellectual opposition to Washington. In order to understand the differing impacts of the writings by Washington and Du Bois, it is necessary to understand the stage onto which these major players entered. Jacqueline Moore notes the rise of minstrel shows and blackface in the mid 1800’s propagated racial stereotypes that African-Americans were â€Å"lazy, dishonest, and lacking mental capacity for anything beyond manual labor† (4). In 1859, Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species, which gave rise to â€Å"Social Darwinism†. Social Darwinism was a theory in the social sciences that believed Western European races were the ideal and therefore the degree of difference between any race from that ideal, was directly proportional to that race’s inferiority (Moore, 3). This belief was further reinforced by the pseudo-scientific evaluation of African facial features that was being conducted at the time (see fig. 1). These studies gave a scientific basis and excuse for racism. Fig. 1. Sketches from an 1854 study wherein a caricatured Negro male is compared to the Greek ideal and to a primate from: Nott, Josiah Clark. Types of Mankind. Agassiz, Louis, et. al., pp. 458, Lippincott, Grambo, Co., 1 Apr. 1854. The end of the Reconstruction Era and the withdrawal of federal troops from the South saw a drastic increase in voter fraud, intimidation, and violence at the polls, targeting African American voters (see fig. 2). All of these, combined with the South’s economic hardships in the Post-Reconstruction Era, and the rise of the Ku Klux Klan, culminated in the time period that historian Rayford Logan, who has written extensively on African-American history and race relations, describes as the nadir of African-American history. Fig. 2. Political cartoon showing intimidation at the polls from: Frost, A.B.. â€Å"Of Course He Wants to Vote the Democratic Ticket.† Harpers Weekly, 21 October 1876, dcc.newberry.org/items/of-course-he-wants-to-vote-the-democratic-ticket. According to Logan, the decade between 1890 and 1900 was marked by over two thousand documented lynchings (informal public executions by mobs that bypass due process). These lynchings were brutal affairs, often involving torture of the victims, distribution of dismembered body parts as souvenirs to spectators, and widespread circulation of photographs of the killings or effigies thereof (see fig. 3). Fig. 3. A Ku Klux Klan effigy being lynched , used to intimidate potential black voters from: Unknown Source circa 1920s. These events sent a political message of white supremacy and black powerlessness in a way that is equatable to systematic political terrorism. This message was not just the angry cry of white men, but was in fact backed by state legislature. By 1908, ten out of eleven Southern states ratified new constitutions and amendments to disenfranchise African-American voters in an attempt to counteract the 15th Amendment adopted in 1870. Du Bois said of this time period, â€Å"The Nation has not yet found peace from its sins; the freedman has not yet found in freedom his promised land.† This is the social climate in which Washington and Du Bois both gained prominence and developed their divergent viewpoints. In an interview conducted before his death in 1963, Du Bois acknowledged that the differences in philosophies were probably due in large part to the differences in their upbringing and development (McGill). Booker T. Washington was born into slavery on a Virginia plantation in approximately 1856. After the emancipation proclamation, he and his family joined his step-father, a freedman who escaped slavery during the civil war, in West Virginia. As a young boy, Washington, like his step-father, worked in coal and salt mines. After work, he walked great distances to go to school and painstakingly learned to read and write. It is this time period that may have shaped his philosophy that hard work would lead to economic success, and thereafter political power would be earned and given freely. After common school, Washington attended Hampton Institute, a school established to educate freedmen and their descendants, before being recommended to be principal and founder of Tuskegee Institute. W.E.B. Du Bois on the other hand, was born to free, land-owning parents, post emancipation in 1868. He had access to greater privileges from the start. He attended the local integrated public school, earned a bachelor’s degree from Fisk University and from Harvard. He did graduate studies at the University of Berlin with some of the top social scientists of the times, and went on to be the first black man to obtain a Ph.D. from Harvard in 1985, the same year Washington would give his Atlanta Exposition speech. Fig. 4. Letter from W.E.B. Dubois to Booker T. Washington congratulating Washington on his Atlanta Exposition Speech from: Booker T. Washington Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, (003.00.00) Digital ID # na0003, 24 Sept. 1895, loc.gov/exhibits/naacp/prelude.html At this time, Du Bois’ ideology was not yet crystallized. He originally approved and congratulated Washington on his address, calling it â€Å"a word fitly spoken† (see fig. 4). However, several events influenced his change in views between 1895 and 1903 when he would publish his collection of essays directly in contrast with Washington’s program. One such event which Du Bois recalled vividly in the interview with McGill was when he saw a recently-lynched Negro’s drying fingers on display in front of a grocery store. He found it difficult to reconcile the importance of patience in matters of social equality while such atrocities were regularly being committed against his people (McGill). In 1901, Washington published his own auto-biography in which he recalled his ascension as a political leader, as well as reconfirmed the beliefs he had established six years prior. Du Bois said, â€Å"I realized the need for what Washington was doing. Yet it seemed to me he was giving up essential ground that would be hard to win back and Du Bois soon became a counterweight to the rhetoric coming from Tuskegee (McGill). Washington preached self-help and believed that the cultivation of the virtues of patience, enterprise, and thrift would win the respect of whites. He urged acceptance of social segregation and the disenfranchisement of black voters in favor of economic growth, asking each member of his race to â€Å"Cast down [their] bucket where [they] are.† He asked whites to do the same, but one popular interpretation came to be that he promised his race would work meekly under white oppression as they had done as slaves in the past: Cast down your bucket where you are. Cast it down among the eight millions of Negroes whose habits you know, whose fidelity and love you have tested . . . among these people who have, without strikes and labour wars, tilled your fields, cleared your forests, builded your railroads and cities . . . helped make possible this magnificent representation of the progress of the South. Cast down your bucket among my people, helping and encouraging them . . . to education of head, hand, and heart, you will find that they will buy your surplus land, make blossom the waste places in your fields, and run your factories . . . as in the past, you and your families will be surrounded by the most patient, faithful, law-abiding, and unresentful people that the world has seen. As we have proved our loyalty to you in the past, nursing your children, watching by the sick-bed of your mothers and fathers, and often following them with tear-dimmed eyes to their graves, so in the future, in our humble way, we shall stand by you with a devotion that no foreigner can approach, ready to lay down our lives, if need be, in defence of yours, interlacing our industrial, commercial, civil, and religious life with yours . . . In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.Booker T. Washington in UpfromSlavery Washington also wrote in his autobiography, â€Å"I believe that in the South we are confronted with peculiar conditions that justify the protection of the ballot in many of the states†¦ either by an educational test, a property test, or by both combined†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This confirmed not only his acquiescence of voting rights, but his endorsement of disenfranchisement. According to Du Bois, â€Å"It startled the nation to hear a Negro advocating such a programme after many decades of bitter complaint; it startled and won the applause of the South, it interested and won the admiration of the North; and after a confused murmur of protest, it silenced if it did not convert the Negroes themselves.† While he had many criticisms, W.E.B. Du Bois did not disagree with Washington’s program entirely. He did not advocate on opposition to industrial training, but in addition to it: To be really true, all these ideals must be melted and welded into one. The training of the schools we need to-day more than ever,- the training of deft hands, quick eyes and ears, and above all the broader, deeper, higher culture of gifted minds and pure hearts. The power of the ballot we need in sheer self-defence,- else what shall save us from a second slavery? Freedom, too, the long-sought, we still seek,- the freedom of life and limb, the freedom to work and think, the freedom to love and aspire. Work, culture, liberty,- all these we need, not singly but together, not successively but together. . .W.E.B. Du Bois in TheSoulsofBlackFolk He had hoped for a future in which both races could come together and it would be â€Å"possible to be both a Negro and an American, without being cursed and spit upon by his fellows, without having the doors of Opportunity closed roughly in his face,† and without either race being subsumed by the other (Du Bois). Du Bois did however take issue with the fact that his race had not chosen Washington as their spokesperson and that â€Å"by national opinion, the Negroes began to recognize Mr. Washington’s leadership; and the voice of national criticism was hushed.† (Du Bois). Washington had been selected by white political leaders and presented to a mixed-race audience as â€Å"a representative of Negro enterprise and Negro civilization† (Washington). Du Bois asserts, â€Å"If the best of American Negroes receive by outer pressure a leader whom they had not recognized before†¦ there is irreparable loss – a loss of that peculiarly valuable education which a group receives when by search and criticism it finds and commissions its own leaders.† Du Bois also saw that fulfilling the promises of emancipation meant a grab for political power and necessitated political agitation and organized protest, which Washington had called â€Å"the greatest folly.† According to Du Bois, â€Å"The ideal of liberty demanded for its attainment powerful means, and these the 15th Amendment gave [us]. The ballot†¦ [should] now be regarded as the chief means of gaining and perfecting the liberty with which the war had partially endowed him.† Du Bois sought to counteract Washington’s call for acceptance, saying, â€Å"By every civilized and peaceful method we must strive for the rights which the world accords to men, clinging unwaveringly to these great words which the sons of the Fathers would fain forget: ‘We hold these truths to be self evident: that all men are created equal’†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Abolitionists throughout the country were equally divided. In his article chronicaling the relationship between Du Bois and Washington, Thomas Aiello notes, black critics. . . saw Washington’s Compromise as a slippery slope that would cause more problems than it could ever hope to solve (51). Unfortunately, while Washington had the best of intentions, his program helped sustain the ethos of Jim Crow America. Washington believed that white southerners had an objection to amoral or illiterate black people having the right to vote or rising above their means, and he believed that rectifying these things would mean an end of racism. In reality, the white population had an existential objection to black people, not because of a lack of education or financial success and autonomy. Washington had misplaced his faith in the white people of his time, believing â€Å"No race that has anything to contribute to the markets of the world is long in any degree ostracized.† (Washington) Whites in that era did not uphold their end of the compromise, but instead, burned down schools and churches and targeted black middle and working classes. Du Bois wrote in The Souls of Black Folk that â€Å"[Washington’s] doctrine has tended to make the whites, North and South, shift the burden of the Negro Problem to the Negro’s shoulders†¦ when in fact the burden belongs to the nation, and t he hands of none of us are clean if we bend not our energies to righting these great wrongs.† Despite this, some good did come from the divide in beliefs. Opposition to Washington’s acceptance of segregation resulted in the formation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Niagara Movement; W.E.B. Du Bois was heavily involved with starting both, and the former is still active today. While Washington’s racial philosophy died with him, his economic policies are still relevant and Du Bois’ philosophy of agitation and civil protest flowed directly into 1960’s civil rights movement. The United States itself has come a long way; nine-year-old Jeremiah Harvey, who was accused by a white woman of sexual assault when his backpack brushed up against her in a store, did not become a second Emmett Till. There is still far to go however, and as Du Bois once said, â€Å"either the U.S. will destroy ignorance, or ignorance will destroy the U.S.† Aiello, Thomas. â€Å"The First Fissure: The Du Bois-Washington Relationship from 1898-1899.† Phylon (1960-), vol. 51, no. 1, 2014, pp. 76–87. JSTOR, jstor.org/stable/43199122. Bauerlein, Mark. â€Å"Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: The Origins of a Bitter Intellectual Battle.† The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, No. 46 (winter, 2004 2005), pp. 106-114. The JBHE Foundation Inc., jstor.org/stable/4133693 Biography.com Editors. â€Å"W.E.B. Du Bois Rivalry with Booker T. Washington.† Youtube, AE Television Networks, 29 Jan. 2013, youtube.com/watch?v=NnVt9RvN548. Coates, Ta-Nehisi. â€Å"The Tragedy and Betrayal Of Booker T. Washington.† The Atlantic, The Atlantic Monthly Group, 31 Mar. 2009, theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2009/03/the-tragedy-and-betrayal-of-booker-t-washington/7092/. Du Bois, W.E.B.. The Souls of Black Folk. 1903, Project Gutenberg, #408, gutenberg.org/files/408/408-h/408-h.htm. Gates, Henry Louis. â€Å"The Debate Between W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington.† Frontline, Public Broadcasting Service, 10 Feb. 1998, pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/debate-w-e-b-du-bois-and-booker-t-washington/. History.com Editors. â€Å"Booker T. Washington.† History, AE Television Networks, 12 Sept. 2018, history.com/topics/black history/booker-t-washington. Logan, Rayford Whittingham. The Betrayal of the Negro, from Rutherford B. Hayes to Woodrow Wilson. Reprint ed., Da Capo Press, 1997. McGill, Ralph. â€Å"W.E.B. Du Bois.†The Atlantic Monthly, Nov. 1965, pp. 78–81, theatlantic.com/past/docs/unbound/flashbks/black/mcgillbh.htm. Accessed 25 Feb. 2019. Moore, Jacqueline M.Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift. Vol. 1, Scholarly Resources Inc., 2003. Washington, Booker T. Up from Slavery: An Autobiography. 1901, Project Gutenberg, #2376, gutenberg.org/files/2376/2376-h/2376-h.htm.

The stereotyping of Native Americans within commerce Essay

The stereotyping of Native Americans within commerce - Essay Example 338) apart from the patent medicine packages which featured the â€Å"coppery, feather-topped visage of the Indian† butter boxes depict the doe-eyed, buckskinclad Indian ``princess.’’ The American Indian, and that which popular culture has determined that he/she represent, has been exploited within the context of commerce and commercial advertising for close to a century with the purpose being the purveyance of specified messages regarding the company or the brand in question. Following an overview of the commercialisation of the American Indian image, two case studies of corporate/brand use, of the American Indian image shall be analysed. The commercialisation of the Native American image, or figure, is both pervasive and expansive in scope, embracing all of the noble savage and the â€Å"mystical environmentalists or uneducated, alcoholic bingo-players confined to reservations’’ (Mihesuah, 1996, p. 9). All one need to conform the validity of the aforementioned assertion is visit their nearest grocery and attempt to quantify the sheer number of products, ice cream, alcohol, cigarettes, canned vegetables, baking powder, honey and butter, to name but a few, on which the image of the American Indian is emblazoned. Remarking upon the stated, Aaker and Biel (1993) maintain that the commercialisation of the American Indian image is largely predicated on the assumption that these images will evoke such romanticised conceptualisation of a world gone by that not only will consumers be attracted to the brand in question but they will associate it wit organic wholeness and strength/durability, among others, and t he company in question with environmentalism and corporate social responsibility. Hence, Jeep Cherokee adopts the Washington Redskin logo as a means of communicating durability and the capacity to traverse harsh terrains unscathed, while Land O’Lakes butter and (family) food products display the image of an Indian princess as a means of

Conceptual Design Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Conceptual Design - Coursework Example Lateral stability in the building is achieved by the use of a framed structure as shown in figure 3. A frame structure makes the building become capable of evenly directing all the loads of the foundation without causing stress at one point of the building more than the other. The foamed structure is such that the slab is placed on top of the beams which form the walls. The total force is from the upper rooms of the story is thus efficiently transferred downwards. Notably, the slab is also constructed by spanning it along the shorter side so as to increase length stability. This technique has the advantage of reducing the total number of beams and columns that are needed in the construction of the building and at the same time while maintaining a stable structure. Each beam is scanned at a length of 4 meters. This is cheaper and very affordable in terms of the bars used. Any design is only viable once tests done on it can prove its authenticity and applicability. Testing for the feas ibility of the member positions used in the design can be done by the use of preliminary sizing exercise for the main structural elements of the building. As shown in figure 6 and 7, the desired measurements for the slab, beam and wall are 150, 300 and 200 respectively. The column is designed with an approximate size of 300 rising up to about 4000.Often conceptual analysis is a precise procedure which has most of the details embedded in the diagrams used in the explanation.

Factors Influencing Mental Illness Rates in Pakistan

Factors Influencing Mental Illness Rates in Pakistan Introduction At the 13th year of her life, she was worried due to the recently started bleeding from her vaginal area without any manifested injury. She ran to her mother and asked that what is happening to her. Her mother scolded and asked her to put some piece of cloth over there so that the bleeding nobody could notice the bleeding as it would be a source of embarrassment for the family and for the girl herself. Her mother then sent her to a special house which was full of menstruating girls and pregnant women. This is the story of 13 years old Huran Bibi from Kalash valley of Chitral, who was one of the members of Bashalani(the house built specially for the menstruating and pregnant women.) The cultural view of Kalash people is based on the concept of purity and menstruating and pregnant women are considered impure as per their cultural beliefs. Being a girl from a primitive culture I always thought to explore the different strong and weak parts of our culture which may impact the mental heal th of people in a healthy or unhealthy way respectively. The reason for choosing this topic is the trial to understand the impacts of our culture on our mental health. Numerous studies have been conducted on relationship between Culture and mental health. Mostly, the concept of being well or sick is well-defined according to the cultural background, cultural beliefs and cultural practices used by a specific group. defined culture in relations of objective components (houses and tools) and subjective components such as societal norms, roles, dogmas, and principles, further argued that culture is a dynamic practice designed by an individual’s commitment within their social set-up. Pumariega, explained culture as a way of life which includes traditions and customs. These customs transmitted through learning and play a vital role in molding the beliefs and behaviors of the people exposed to them. Generally, people in social groupings who share same religion, children and adolescents who play together and adults who work in same professions have their own cultural beliefs and practices.Culture is largely defined as a collective tradition or fixed dogmas, standards, and ethics. Culture frequently changes and is influenced both by the views of people and the burdens of their surroundings. People are bound to their customs and traditions because they think that their ancestors have transferred these practices to them so these practices are to be preserved for their future generations. Body Different cultures have different practices and beliefs regarding mental illnesses. In some cultures mental illness is thought to be the result of bad deeds and going against almighty Allah. In addition to that, a concept of bad evil entrance into the body is also found in few cultures. For the treatment of those mentally ill patients people incorporate religious/spiritual treatment. Sometimes religious treatment enhances coping mechanism of mentally ill patients but sometimes its themes may incorporate into religious delusions. Prevalence of Mental Illness in Pakistan explained the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in Pakistan was 34% out of which 29-66%women were affected and 10-33% men were affected. Furthermore, the study also highlights the prevalence of pediatric mental disorders which was found to be15.8% in Pakistan. studied the prevalence of anxiety, depression and their associated factors on medical students in different institutions of Karachi .Approximately 70% of students were suffered by anxiety and depression. Among 70% about 59% of the students were female and 43% students were Urdu speaking. Causes and outcomes Cultural beliefs and traditional practices are the root cause of mental illnesses and mental disorders. Referring to the scenario, the cultural practices and beliefs of purity made the little girl isolated from the society. Living away from family once in a month makes the girl feel guilty and being an alien to her. Not having a bath till the menstruation period ends make the young girl to think of being untouchable and lowers self-esteem. Such kinds of practices can lead to social isolation or depression with many other mental health problems. Similarly many other traditional practices are found in our culture which influence our mental health such as gender based violence, divorce, forced and early marriages, domestic violence, son preferences, concept of being virgin, duty to be obedient, polygamy and honor killing. Furthermore acculturation is also known cause of mental illnesses in immigrants and ethnic minorities. Gender based violence/ domestic violence., a total of 8,548 cases of gender based violence were reported.In addition to that, the duty of obedience is considered as the main cause of spouse abuse. A lifetime incidence rates of wife abuse in global range is from 16% to 50% .Disobedience and clashes with the in-laws are specifically the major causes which explain wife abuse. Women are thus advised to forgive or say sorry in order to safeguard their kids and their home. Abused women are more prone to mental disorders namely self-inflicted injuries, sleep or appetite disorders, and suicidal attempts. Depression is the most common mental disorder in abused women. Divorce. It is a process of breaking marital relationships due to many reasons including cultural incompatibility of women and her husband family. It is the most stressful condition for husband as well as for wife. When a women is given divorced then it is thought to be a very shameful act for women because the low status of women in Pakistani culture. On the basis of this, society labeled women with bad deeds and bad character. This stigma leads to discrimination and women end up with severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia, depression, fear even commit suicide. Polygamy. Polygamy is officially permitted in the Islamic tradition which is definitely a stress for women. polygamy appears to increase exposure to psychiatric disorders in the wife; of those in monogamous marriages, 17.8% were cases, in contrast to 39.1% of women in polygamous marriages. declared Polygamy as a high tensioned condition triggering a neurotic anxiety, and in severe cases somewhat serious mental disease. Honor killing explained that in some Islamic societies, the only way to cleanse the family honor is to kill the â€Å"offending† woman or girl. Depression and a number of anxiety disorders, somatoform and eating disorders, or suicide attempts are the most common psychiatric situation in Islamic women. The duty to be a virgin. According to the loss of virginity is thought to be equated with young women worth. So losing virginity is the major reason of suicidal behavior in teenagers. They are also in threat of being killed by a father, brother, uncle or cousin in order to restore the familys honor and place in the community. As a result to the duty of virginity, illegal pregnancies are severely fated and are related with several social problems (running away from the family/home, aggression towards these girls by their own parents, or even homicide) with a high occurrence of depressive and anxiety reactions with suicidal behavior. Imposed marriage/early marriage. Traditionally, it is expected from a daughter to shy away from expressing her wishes and her parents are responsible to decide for her. An arranged marriage is the decision of parents to select a life partner for their daughter, often with either a cousin or someone completely unknown before the marriage. This can lead to depression, anxiety, fear and isolation. Acculturation. Unfavorable and shocking life experiences can change the brain chemistry of the people e.g., migration from one country to another for many reasons such as natural disaster, education or job opportunities. This can give the concept of acculturation in which culture-of-origin and host cultural characteristics can disagree autonomously. Furthermore, acculturation is a dual process of cultural and psychological change that takes place as a result of contact between two or more cultural groups and their individual members. Acculturation may assists daily social interaction and encourages management opportunities. Conversely, it may escalate tension or clash between two opposing cultures or can be related with a decrease in family support. Conclusion In conclusion, some cultural beliefs and practices are leading to mental illnesses such as, the concept of keeping a menstruating girl in a separate house without taking bath till menstruating period ends. Likewise, gender based violence including domestic violence, rape cases, abusing women at home as well as on work place can be the leading cause of mental illness in women. In some cultures it is the responsibility of parents to take decisions of selecting life partners for their daughters which mostly results in cultural incompatibility and domestic violence. Furthermore, marrying more than one woman or separation from an intimate relationship can increase the risk for mental health disorders. Honor killing and being not virgin are interrelated to each other in which the only solution to cleans the family honor is to kill the offending girl which includes virginity also.

Examining the Crosses Between Drosophila Fruit Flies Essay -- Fruit Fl

Examining the Crosses Between Drosophila Fruit Flies Introduction The major topic of this experiment was to examine two different crosses between Drosophila fruit flies and to determine how many flies of each phenotype were produced. Phenotype refers to an individual’s appearance, where as genotype refers to an individual’s genes. The basic law of genetics that was examined in this lab was formulated by a man often times called the â€Å"father of genetics,† Gregor Mendel. He determined that individuals have two alternate forms of a gene, referred to as two alleles. An individual can me homozygous dominant (two dominant alleles, AA), homozygous recessive, (two recessive alleles, aa), or heterozygous (one dominant and one recessive allele, Aa). There were tow particular crosses that took place in this experiment. The first cross-performed was Ebony Bodies versus Vestigle Wings, where Long wings are dominant over short wings and normal bodies are dominant over black bodies. The other cross that was performed was White versu s Wild where red eyes in fruit flies are dominant over white eyes. The purpose of the first experiment, Ebony vs. Vestigle was to see how many of the offspring had normal bodies and normal wings, normal bodies and vestigle wings, ebony bodies and normal wings, and ebony body and vestigle wings. The purpose of the second experiment White vs. Wild was to see how many of the offspring were red eyed male, white eyed male, red eyed female, and white e...

Pre1914 prose study Essay

A single eye opens. On the dark, damp night of November, Frankenstein’s creation at last exists. Chapter 5 shows the awaking of his creation, literally his child. For so long he toiled, working towards this moment. But for what? For when the time came, only negative attitude was expressed. And so Victor deserts his â€Å"monster†, plunging the creation into complete darkness, lost, lonely and unaware. Frankenstein wants nothing to do with it, but to his creation, Victor is his everything. He made him; he is his mother, his father, and ultimately his God. Although, to say that Victor is a parent is rather ironic; it’s such an inhumane way of creating a living human being, such a ‘masculine’ form of science cannot work, it’s not naturally correct to deny the feminine act of child birth. Also, Frankenstein never once considered what he would do with the creation once he is alive; therefore, Victor fails as a parent. Frankenstein never educated the creation, and denies loving it. In the absence of love, Frankenstein’s Monster is forced to learn the hard way. The reactions he received drives the creature to realize that appearance and physicality is an important part of the public’s vain judgments. Rejected, uneducated and even nameless, it’s distanced from humanity and branded with such names as ‘wretch’, ‘daemon’, and ‘monster’ in which most of the names are from his creator’s own mouth. Such a gentle soul never had any physical contact with the human race and therefore attaches itself to the De Lacy family. Soon developing new emotions and sensations, he gains pleasure from help the family suffering from poverty. In return, he gains a steady education, Just like a child, and with a child, his knowledge builds off the teaching of Felix De Lacey. An important factor in this is the books he reads; Plutarch’s Lives, Volney’s Ruins of Empire, Goethe’s The Sorrows of Werther and most importantly Milton’s Paradise Lost. All of them represent the idea of romantic thinking in which Mary Shelley was associated. When presenting his arguments, he quotes from one such book: â€Å"I ought to be thy Adam; but I am rather the fallen angel, whom thou drivest from joy for no misdeed† (p. 77-8) He quotes Paradise Lost and relates himself to one character. Satan. Judged by his appearance, the public see him as evil and yet he is a tragic character, isolated from the world. He sees this mirrored in Milton’s Satan. Believing that perhaps the De Lacey family may accept him as a normal person and with that only to fail, was the stimulus to the beginning of his transportation from love to hate. Demonstrated in this novel is that creation isn’t just finished at the beginning of life. Frankenstein gives birth to this child of science, but makes him what he is branded, and ultimately what he is. A monster. By deserting him, he created an isolated and suffering being. With addition to being rejected by any other living person, this makes him a tragic figure. Victor was deeply self-absorbed, never once thinking of the welfare of his creation, but rather how to distance himself further from it. But, when moved by the monster’s happenings, he agrees to make a female partner. But again, he abandons him for his own welfare, and will not complete his companion. After making his creation, he fears making another double of his regret. The creature denies this though, he only wishes for a companion for the rest of his days on earth. Yet roles are reversed in the heart of the novel. In the beginning, power is mostly in Victor’s possession but by the time of meeting, the creature dominates, leading Victor into the wilderness of the mountains.

River flows in you Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Apart from River Flows in You he has also composed Kiss the Rain, as well as May Be (iTunes). He started playing the piano when he was only five years old and then migrated to London when he was only eleven so that he could be able to study at the Purcell School of Music. He was a citizen of both Britain and South Korea up to 2006 when he had to give up his British citizenship so that he could be able to serve in South Korean Navy. The composer, whose real name is Lee Ru-ma, took part in the album The Musicians of Purcell in 1996 and he graduated from the school of music in mid-1997 after which he did not relent on his music aspirations and finished a composition major at the King’s College in London in mid-2000. When he was, still a student at the college, the composer and pianist released his inaugural album that was titled Love Scene through the DECCA records and he also participated in a musical tour of Europe when he was still a student at the college. We will write a cus tom essay sample on River flows in you or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now His invitation to perform at the 2002 MIDEM in Cannes, Frances made significant historical impact for his country, as he was the first artist of Korean descent that has ever been invited to such an event. His albums were mainly released in Europe and Asia earlier in his career but they have been able to achieve a global market through a variety of online sources that include Amazon, iTunes as well as his own recording label that is called STOMP Records. Musical style The musical style that is associated with the artist is not easily classified and has a similarity with the classical music that is normally featured in film scores as well as television dramas. Since the music that is associated with him is popular among the people who may not be familiar with classical music, the instrumentation that done by the using solo piano and the propensity that it develops towards movement often elicits the title such as ‘new classical’ and sometimes ‘contemporary classical’ from various quarters. On the other hand, even though the composition studies that he undertook would have entailed the classics, the framework that is associated with his pieces do not exhibit these forms and this has led to the classification of his music as being vaguely popular. This classification has been demonstrated by the inclusion of his most successful piece River Flows in You in to a compilation of wedding pieces that was titled Wedding Essential: The Ceremony. He has been classified as an artist that is associated with world music or as a new age artist by iTunes and Amazon (Amazon. com).